html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    overflow-y: auto;
    overflow-x: hidden; /* Prevent horizontal scrollbar */
}

*, *:before, *:after {
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

html, body {
    height: 100%;
    width: 100%;
}

body {
    font: normal 1em/1.45em "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    color: #fff;
    background: radial-gradient(ellipse at bottom, #1C2837 0%, #050608 100%);
    background-attachment: fixed;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

/* Import Montserrat Black font */
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Montserrat:wght@900&display=swap');

canvas {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
}

.description {
    padding: 30px;
    position: absolute;
    top: 75%; /* Move further down */
    right: 4vw; /* Move further to the right */
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    width: auto;
    max-width: 550px;
    z-index: 10;
    text-align: right; /* Align text to the right */
    /* background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); */
    border-radius: 10px;
    opacity: 1; /* Set opacity to 1 as animation is removed */
}

/* Top left description box */
.hero-description-top-left.description {
    top: 80px;
    left: 2vw;
    right: auto;
    bottom: auto;
    text-align: left;
    width: auto;
    max-width: 850px;
    background: none;
    box-shadow: none;
    opacity: 1;
    z-index: 10;
    position: absolute;
    padding: 30px;
    border-radius: 10px;
}

.hero-description-top-left.description .cta-button {
    display: none !important;
}

.description h1 {
    font-weight: 300;
    font-size: 2em; /* Reduced font size from 2.5em */
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-family: Lato, 'Arial', sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6em;
    letter-spacing: .1em;
    color: #fff;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.description p {
    font-family: Lato, 'Arial', sans-serif;
    font-size: .9em;
    color: #eee;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.description .cta-button {
    display: inline-block;
    background-color: #e67e22;
    color: white;
    padding: 12px 25px;
    border-radius: 25px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.description .cta-button:hover {
    background-color: #d35400;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

hr {
    margin: 26px 0;
    border: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid white;
    background: transparent;
    width: 25%;
    opacity: .1;
}

code {
    color: #ae94c0;
    font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace;
    font-size: .9em;
}

.solar-syst {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    position: absolute;
    top: -10vh; /* Move further down (was -18vh) */
    left: 30vw; /* Move further left (was 40vw) */
    transform: none;
    overflow: hidden;
    z-index: 0;
}

.solar-syst div {
    transform: scale(1.5); /* Make all planets 1.5x larger */
    border-radius: 1000px;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    position: absolute;
    z-index: 1;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
    .solar-syst div {
        transform: scale(1.1); /* Slightly larger on mobile, but not too big */
    }
}

.solar-syst div:not(.sun) {
    border: 1px solid rgba(102, 166, 229, 0.12);
}

.solar-syst div:not(.sun):before {
    left: 50%;
    border-radius: 100px;
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
}

.solar-syst div:not(.sun):not(.asteroids-belt):before {
    box-shadow: inset 0 6px 0 -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
    animation: zoomInPlanet 10s ease-in-out forwards;
}

.sun {
    background: radial-gradient(ellipse at center, #ffd000 1%, #f9b700 39%, #f9b700 39%, #e06317 100%);
    height: 40px;
    width: 40px;
    margin-top: -20px;
    margin-left: -20px;
    background-clip: padding-box;
    border: 0 !important;
    background-position: -28px -103px;
    background-size: 175%;
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px 2px rgba(255, 107, 0, 0.4), 0 0 22px 11px rgba(255, 203, 0, 0.13);
    z-index: 2;
    animation-duration: 3.33s !important;
}

.mercury {
    height: 70px;
    width: 70px;
    margin-top: -35px;
    margin-left: -35px;
    animation: orb 2.396s linear infinite;
    z-index: 10;
}

.mercury:before {
    height: 4px;
    width: 4px;
    background: #9f5e26;
    margin-top: -2px;
    margin-left: -2px;
    top: 0;
}

.venus {
    height: 100px;
    width: 100px;
    margin-top: -50px;
    margin-left: -50px;
    animation: orb 6.15s linear infinite;
    z-index: 11;
}

.venus:before {
    height: 8px;
    width: 8px;
    background: #BEB768;
    margin-top: -4px;
    margin-left: -4px;
    top: 0;
}

.earth {
    height: 145px;
    width: 145px;
    margin-top: -72.5px;
    margin-left: -72.5px;
    animation: orb 10s linear infinite;
    z-index: 12;
}

.earth:before {
    height: 6px;
    width: 6px;
    background: #11abe9;
    margin-top: -3px;
    margin-left: -3px;
    top: 0;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
}

.earth:after {
    position: absolute;
    content: "";
    height: 18px;
    width: 18px;
    left: 50%;
    top: 0;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    border-radius: 100px;
    animation: orb 2.24s linear infinite;
}

.earth:after:before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    height: 3px;
    width: 3px;
    background: grey;
    border-radius: 50%;
    top: 0;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -100%);
}

.mars {
    height: 190px;
    width: 190px;
    margin-top: -95px;
    margin-left: -95px;
    animation: orb 18.81s linear infinite;
    z-index: 13;
}

.mars:before {
    height: 6px;
    width: 6px;
    background: #cf3921;
    margin-top: -3px;
    margin-left: -3px;
    top: 0;
}

.asteroids-belt {
    opacity: .7;
    border-color: transparent !important;
    height: 300px;
    width: 300px;
    margin-top: -150px;
    margin-left: -150px;
    animation: orb 60s linear infinite;
    overflow: hidden;
    z-index: 14;
}

.asteroids-belt:before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    height: 210px;
    width: 210px;
    margin-left: -105px;
    margin-top: -105px;
    background: transparent;
    border-radius: 140px !important;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1), 5px 5px 0 0px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05),
                -5px -10px 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08), 10px -5px 0 0px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12),
                30px 20px 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
}

.jupiter {
    height: 340px;
    width: 340px;
    margin-top: -170px;
    margin-left: -170px;
    animation: orb 118.57s linear infinite;
    z-index: 15;
}

.jupiter:before {
    height: 18px;
    width: 18px;
    background: #c76e2a;
    margin-top: -9px;
    margin-left: -9px;
    top: 0;
}

.saturn {
    height: 440px;
    width: 440px;
    margin-top: -220px;
    margin-left: -220px;
    animation: orb 294.17s linear infinite;
    z-index: 16;
}

.saturn:before {
    height: 12px;
    width: 12px;
    background: #e7c194;
    margin-top: -6px;
    margin-left: -6px;
    top: 0;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
}

.saturn:after {
    position: absolute;
    content: "";
    height: 10px;
    width: 28px;
    left: 50%;
    top: 0;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%) rotateZ(-52deg);
    border-radius: 50%;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px #987641, 0 0 0 4px #a28256, 0 0 0 5px #7a603e;
    transform-origin: center center;
}

.uranus {
    height: 520px;
    width: 520px;
    margin-top: -260px;
    margin-left: -260px;
    animation: orb 837.33s linear infinite;
    z-index: 17;
}

.uranus:before {
    height: 10px;
    width: 10px;
    background: #b5e3e3;
    margin-top: -5px;
    margin-left: -5px;
    top: 0;
}

.neptune {
    height: 630px;
    width: 630px;
    margin-top: -315px;
    margin-left: -315px;
    animation: orb 1637s linear infinite;
    z-index: 18;
}

.neptune:before {
    height: 10px;
    width: 10px;
    background: #175e9e;
    margin-top: -5px;
    margin-left: -5px;
    top: 0;
}

.pluto {
    height: 780px;
    width: 780px;
    margin-top: -390px;
    margin-left: -390px;
    animation: orb 2479.67s linear infinite;
    z-index: 19;
}

.pluto:before {
    height: 3px;
    width: 3px;
    background: #fff;
    margin-top: -1.5px;
    margin-left: -1.5px;
    top: 0;
}

@keyframes orb {
    from {
        transform: rotate(0deg);
    }
    to {
        transform: rotate(-360deg);
    }
}

@keyframes zoomInPlanet {
    0% {
        transform: scale(1);
    }
    100% {
        transform: scale(1.5);
    }
}

/* Hero Canvas Text Enhancement */
body #c {
    font-family: 'Montserrat', Arial, sans-serif !important;
}

/* Optional: fallback for browsers that support ::backdrop-filter for extra glow */
.hero-canvas-glow {
    filter: drop-shadow(0 0 32px #00fff7) drop-shadow(0 0 16px #fff) drop-shadow(0 0 8px #00fff7);
}

/* Dramatic cosmic hero background with animated nebula and starfield overlay */
.hero {
    position: relative;
    color: white;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    min-height: 350px; /* Decreased min-height */
    flex-grow: 1;
    width: 100%;
}

@keyframes nebulaMove {
    0% { background-position: 0% 0%, 0% 0%; }
    50% { background-position: 100% 100%, 50% 50%; }
    100% { background-position: 0% 0%, 0% 0%; }
}

@keyframes starfieldMove {
    0% { background-position: 0 0; }
    100% { background-position: 400px 300px; }
}

/* Animated headline container */
.hero .animated-headline {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    margin-top: 1.5em;
    margin-bottom: 0.5em;
    z-index: 10;
}

.animated-headline .content {
    position: relative;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    transform: none;
    height: 80px;
    overflow: hidden;
    font-family: 'Montserrat', 'Lato', Arial, sans-serif;
    font-size: 2.8em;
    line-height: 1.2em;
    color: #ffe082;
    font-weight: 900;
    text-align: center;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    background: none;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
}
.animated-headline .content__container {
    font-weight: 700;
    overflow: hidden;
    height: 1.2em;
    padding: 0 32px;
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
}
.animated-headline .content__container:before {
    content: '[';
    left: 0;
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    color: #23a6d5;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    line-height: 1.2em;
    animation: opacity 2s infinite;
}
.animated-headline .content__container:after {
    content: ']';
    right: 0;
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    color: #e73c7e;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    line-height: 1.2em;
    animation: opacity 2s infinite;
}
.animated-headline .content__container__text {
    display: inline;
    float: left;
    margin: 0;
}
.animated-headline .content__container__list {
    margin-top: 0;
    padding-left: 0;
    text-align: left;
    list-style: none;
    animation: change 10s infinite;
    color: #23a6d5; /* Changed color */
}
.animated-headline .content__container__list__item {
    line-height: 1.2em;
    margin: 0;
}
@keyframes opacity {
  0%, 100% {opacity:0;}
  50% {opacity:1;}
}
@keyframes change {
  0%, 12.66%, 100% {transform:translate3d(0,0,0);}
  16.66%, 29.32% {transform:translate3d(0,-25%,0);}
  33.32%,45.98% {transform:translate3d(0,-50%,0);}
  49.98%,62.64% {transform:translate3d(0,-75%,0);}
  66.64%,79.3% {transform:translate3d(0,-50%,0);}
  83.3%,95.96% {transform:translate3d(0,-25%,0);}
}

/* Hero main text enhancements */
.hero .hero-title {
    display: none;
}

.hero .hero-subtitle {
    font-family: 'Montserrat', Arial, sans-serif;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 2em;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    color: #fff;
    text-shadow: 0 0 12px #23a6d5, 0 2px 8px #000a;
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 1.2em;
    z-index: 10;
    position: relative;
}

/* Call for Papers button: cosmic style */
.hero .cta-button {
    display: block;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #23a6d5 0%, #e73c7e 100%);
    color: #fff;
    padding: 18px 38px;
    border-radius: 30px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 900;
    font-size: 1.3em;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 24px #23a6d588, 0 2px 8px #000a;
    margin: 0 auto 2.2em auto;
    text-align: center;
    transition: background 0.3s, transform 0.2s;
    z-index: 10;
    position: relative;
    border: 2px solid #fff2;
}
.hero .cta-button:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #e73c7e 0%, #23a6d5 100%);
    color: #ffe082;
    transform: translateY(-3px) scale(1.04);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 32px #e73c7e88, 0 2px 8px #000a;
    border: 2px solid #ffe082;
}

/* Left side countdown styling */
.hero-countdown.left-countdown {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 4vw;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    background: rgba(0,0,0,0.45);
    color: #ffe082;
    font-family: 'Montserrat', Arial, sans-serif;
    font-size: 1.3em;
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 20px 25px;
    border-radius: 18px;
    z-index: 20;
    box-shadow: 0 0 25px rgba(255, 224, 130, 0.2);
    text-align: center;
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 224, 130, 0.3);
    min-width: 260px;
    animation: pulse-countdown 2.5s alternate infinite;
}

.hero-countdown .countdown-header {
    font-size: 0.9em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: #fff;
}

.hero-countdown .countdown-timer {
    font-size: 1.8em;
    font-weight: 900;
    margin: 5px 0;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    line-height: 1.3;
    color: #ffe082;
}

.hero-countdown .countdown-footer {
    font-size: 0.85em;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-top: 10px;
    color: #e73c7e;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
    .hero-countdown.left-countdown {
        font-size: 1em;
        padding: 12px 15px;
        left: 3vw;
        min-width: 200px;
    }
}

main {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 40px auto;
    padding: 20px;
    background-color: #fff;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    color: #333;
}

main h2, main h3, main p, main li, main span, main strong, main a {
    color: #333;
}

main a {
    color: #007bff;
}

main a:hover {
    color: #0056b3;
}

main .topics-list li {
    background-color: #f9f9f9;
    border-left: 5px solid #23a6d5;
    color: #333;
}

main .topics-list li strong {
    color: #1a7fa8;
}

main .speaker-card .talk-type {
    color: #e73c7e;
}

main .speaker-card .bio-preview {
    color: #555;
}

main .btn-details-inline {
    color: #007bff;
    border: 1px solid #007bff;
}

main .btn-details-inline:hover {
    background-color: #007bff;
    color: white;
}

main .long-description-preview {
    color: #666;
}

main .content-card .content-info h3 {
    color: #2c3e50;
}

main .content-card .content-info .lead {
    color: #555;
}

main .content-card .content-info .short-description {
    color: #666;
}

main .content-card .keywords {
    color: #777;
}

main .content-card .keywords strong {
    color: #333;
}

main .content-card .btn-details-inline {
    background-color: #3498db;
    color: white;
}

main .content-card .btn-details-inline:hover {
    background-color: #2980b9;
    color: white;
}

main .committee-info h3 {
    color: #333d48;
}

main .committee-info .role {
    color: #3498db;
}

main .committee-info .affiliation {
    color: #5a6878;
}

.program-committee-title {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 16px;
    margin-top: 3em;
    margin-bottom: 18px;
    padding-bottom: 12px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #dbe7f0;
}

.program-committee-title span {
    flex: 0 0 auto;
    padding: 6px 12px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: #e8f7fb;
    color: #137b91;
    font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
    font-size: 0.48em;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.committee-list {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(260px, 1fr));
    gap: 12px;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.committee-list li {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 58px;
    padding: 14px 16px 14px 44px;
    border: 1px solid #dbe7f0;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: #f8fbfd;
    box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(28, 40, 55, 0.06);
    line-height: 1.35;
    transition: border-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}

.committee-list li::before {
    content: "\f007";
    position: absolute;
    top: 16px;
    left: 16px;
    width: 18px;
    height: 18px;
    color: #00a7c5;
    font-family: "Font Awesome 6 Free";
    font-size: 0.9em;
    font-weight: 900;
    line-height: 18px;
    text-align: center;
}

.committee-list li:hover {
    border-color: #00bcd4;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(28, 40, 55, 0.12);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
    .program-committee-title {
        align-items: flex-start;
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .committee-list {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

header {
    position: relative;
    height: 100vh;
    color: white;
    background: radial-gradient(ellipse at 60% 40%, #2e3a5c 0%, #1C2837 60%, #050608 100%),
                repeating-conic-gradient(from 0deg, #1a1a2e 0deg 10deg, #23234a 10deg 20deg, #1a1a2e 20deg 30deg);
    background-size: 200% 200%, 300% 300%;
    animation: heroBgMove 12s ease-in-out infinite, nebulaMove 24s linear infinite;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 0 120px 40px #0a0a23 inset;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

header::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%;
    pointer-events: none;
    z-index: 0;
    background: url('data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg width="100%25" height="100%25" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle cx="10" cy="10" r="1.5" fill="white" opacity="0.7"/><circle cx="80" cy="40" r="1" fill="white" opacity="0.5"/><circle cx="200" cy="120" r="2" fill="white" opacity="0.8"/><circle cx="300" cy="60" r="1.2" fill="white" opacity="0.6"/><circle cx="500" cy="200" r="1.7" fill="white" opacity="0.7"/><circle cx="700" cy="100" r="1.3" fill="white" opacity="0.5"/></svg>');
    background-size: 400px 300px;
    animation: starfieldMove 60s linear infinite;
}

nav {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: flex-start; /* Align items to the start (left) */
    align-items: center;
    padding: 1em 2%; /* Adjust padding as needed */
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1000;
    background: transparent; /* Set background to transparent */
}

nav .logo {
    font-size: 1.8em;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: white;
}

nav ul {
    list-style: none;
    display: flex;
    margin: 0; /* Remove default margin */
    padding: 0; /* Remove default padding */
}

nav ul li {
    margin-left: 30px;
}

nav ul li a {
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 300;
    position: relative;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

nav ul li a::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 0;
    height: 2px;
    bottom: -5px;
    left: 50%;
    background-color: #3498db;
    transition: width 0.3s ease, left 0.3s ease;
}

nav ul li a:hover {
    color: #3498db;
}

nav ul li a:hover::after {
    width: 100%;
    left: 0;
}

.hero-top-left-box {
    display: none !important;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
    .hero .hero-title {
        font-size: 2.2em;
    }
    .hero .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 1.1em;
    }
    .hero-description-top-left.description {
        max-width: 30vw;
        padding: 14px;
        top: 30px;
    }
}

/* Custom Responsive Navbar Styles */
.navbar {
  background: rgba(16, 21, 34, 0.94);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.22);
  height: 80px; /* Adjust as needed */
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  position: sticky; /* Makes the navbar stick to the top on scroll */
  top: 0;
  z-index: 999; /* Ensures navbar is above most other content */
}

.navbar-container {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center; /* Vertically align items in the container */
  height: 80px;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1; /* z-index context for children */
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 1300px; /* Adjust for desired max width of navbar content */
  padding: 0 24px; /* Horizontal padding */
}

.navbar-logo {
  color: #fff;
  justify-self: start;
  cursor: pointer;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 2rem;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.nav-menu {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  list-style: none;
  text-align: center;
}

.nav-item {
  height: 80px; /* Matches navbar height for consistent clickable area */
}

.nav-links {
  color: #fff; /* White link text */
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 0 1rem;
  height: 100%;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.nav-links:hover {
  border-bottom: 3px solid #00bcd4; /* Accent color for hover */
  transition: all 0.2s ease-out;
}

.menu-icon {
  display: none; /* Hidden on desktop, shown on mobile via media query */
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.menu-icon .fas { /* Targets both fa-bars and fa-times */
  color: #fff; /* Ensures icon is white */
  font-size: 1.8rem; /* Icon size */
}

/* Responsive Styles for Mobile/Tablet */
@media screen and (max-width: 960px) {
  .nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column; /* Stack items vertically */
    width: 100%;
    position: absolute;
    top: 80px; /* Position below the navbar (assuming navbar height is 80px) */
    left: 0;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    pointer-events: none;
    transform: translateY(-12px);
    transition: opacity 0.25s ease, transform 0.25s ease, visibility 0.25s ease;
    background: #101522; /* Background for the mobile menu panel */
    z-index: 998; /* Below navbar sticky z-index but above page content */
  }

  .nav-menu.active {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    pointer-events: auto;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }

  .nav-links {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 1.5rem; /* Adjust padding for touch targets */
    width: 100%;
    display: table; /* Ensure links take full width for easier clicking */
  }

  .nav-links:hover {
    background-color: #00bcd4; /* Hover background color for mobile links */
    color: #fff; /* Text color on hover */
    border-bottom: none; /* Remove desktop hover border */
    transition: all 0.2s ease-out;
  }

  .navbar-logo {
    /* Adjust logo if needed for mobile, e.g., reduce size or adjust margin */
    font-size: 1.8rem; /* Slightly smaller logo on mobile */
  }

  .menu-icon {
    display: block; /* Show the hamburger icon */
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1000;
    cursor: pointer;
  }
}

/* === Added/Restored Card, Grid, and Detail Page Styles === */

/* General Card and Grid Styles */
.content-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr)); /* Responsive grid */
    gap: 25px;
    margin-top: 30px; /* Spacing above the grid */
}

.content-card {
    background-color: #ffffff; /* White background for cards */
    color: #333; /* Dark text for readability on white background */
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
    overflow: hidden; /* Ensures content like images respect border radius */
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column; /* Stacks card content vertically */
    text-decoration: none; /* Remove underline if card is a link */
}

.content-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
}

.content-card img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 200px; /* Fixed height for images */
    object-fit: cover; /* Ensures image covers the area, might crop */
}

.content-card .content-info {
    padding: 20px;
    flex-grow: 1; /* Allows this section to take available space */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

/* Styles for h3, .lead, .short-description, .keywords, .btn-details-inline, .btn-details within .content-card */
/* These were already present under main .content-card ..., so they should be fine or might need slight adjustments if specificity conflicts */

.card-link-wrapper { /* If the whole card is a link */
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit; /* Inherit text color from parent */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    height: 100%; /* Ensure wrapper takes full card height */
}

/* Speaker Card Specifics */
.speaker-card .content-info .talk-type {
    font-size: 0.9em;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    font-style: italic;
}
.speaker-card .content-info .bio-preview {
    font-size: 0.9em;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

/* Workshop Objectives Cards */
.objectives-cards {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: nowrap; /* Prevent wrapping to new lines */
    gap: 15px; /* Reduced gap from 20px */
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 20px;
    max-width: 100%; /* Allow container to take full width */
    padding: 0 12px; /* Reduced padding from 15px */
    overflow-x: auto; /* Add horizontal scrolling if needed */
}

.card {
    background-color: #ffffff; /* White background, consistent with .content-card */
    color: #333;
    border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; /* Slightly lighter border */
    border-left: 5px solid #2c3e50; /* Accent color from .cta-button */
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 25px; /* Increased padding */
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.07); /* Softer shadow */
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    flex-grow: 1; /* Allow cards to grow */
    flex-basis: calc(33.333% - 40px); /* Adjust basis considering gap and container padding */
    min-width: 280px; 
    max-width: 450px; /* Max width for larger screens */
    box-sizing: border-box;
    margin-bottom: 20px; /* Ensure space when wrapping */
}

.card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-6px);
    box-shadow: 0 7px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.card h4 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 15px; /* More space after heading */
    color: #2c3e50; 
    font-size: 1.2em; /* Slightly larger heading */
    font-weight: 600;
}

.card p {
    font-size: 1em; /* Standard paragraph size */
    line-height: 1.65;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Submission Guidelines Table Styles */
.submission-info-container {
    margin: 2em auto;
    max-width: 90%;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    border-radius: 8px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.submission-info-table {
    border-collapse: collapse;
    width: 100%;
    background-color: #f9f9f9;
}

.submission-info-table th {
    background-color: #2c3e50;
    color: white;
    padding: 15px;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 1.2em;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.submission-info-table td {
    padding: 12px 15px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
}

.submission-info-table tr:last-child td {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.submission-info-table tr:hover {
    background-color: #f1f1f1;
}

.submission-info-table td:first-child {
    width: 20%;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #2c3e50;
}

.submission-info-table i {
    margin-right: 8px;
    color: #3498db;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .submission-info-table td {
        padding: 10px;
    }
    
    .submission-info-table td:first-child {
        width: 30%;
    }
}

/* Workshop Topics Cards Styles */
.topics-cards-container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 25px;
    margin: 30px 0;
}

.topic-card {
    background-color: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    padding: 25px;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
}

.topic-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.topic-icon {
    background-color: #f0f8ff; /* Light blue background */
    border-radius: 50%;
    width: 80px;
    height: 80px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.topic-icon i {
    font-size: 36px;
    color: #3498db; /* Icon color */
}

.topic-card h3 {
    color: #2c3e50; /* Dark blue for heading */
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    font-size: 1.3em;
}

.topic-card p {
    color: #666; /* Softer text color */
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin: 0;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .topics-cards-container {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
        gap: 20px;
    }
    
    .topic-icon {
        width: 70px;
        height: 70px;
    }
    
    .topic-icon i {
        font-size: 32px;
    }
}

/* SPARK2025 Challenge Card Styles */
.challenge-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    margin: 2em 0;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    display: flex; /* Added for better structure */
    flex-direction: column; /* Added for better structure */
}

.challenge-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

/* Styles for the image within .challenge-card, not .challenge-header */
.challenge-card > img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 320px; /* Adjust as needed, or use aspect-ratio */
    object-fit: cover;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; /* Optional: if you want a separator */
    border-radius: 0; /* Reset if it was in inline style */
}

/* Styles for the h3 title directly under .challenge-card */
.challenge-card > h3 {
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
    color: white;
    padding: 12px 20px;
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1.8em;
    text-align: center; /* Center the title */
    /* Removed absolute positioning to be part of the flex flow */
}


.challenge-content {
    padding: 20px 25px;
}

.challenge-details {
    margin-bottom: 20px; /* Add some space before the streams */
}

.challenge-streams {
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
    margin: 25px 0;
}

.stream {
    flex: 1;
    background: #f8f9fa;
    color: black; /* Ensure text is visible on light background */
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    text-align: center;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); /* Subtle shadow for streams */
}

.stream-icon {
    font-size: 2em;
    color: #3498db; /* Theme color for icons */
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.stream h4 {
    margin: 10px 0 5px 0; /* Adjust spacing */
    color: #2c3e50; /* Darker color for stream titles */
}

.stream p {
    font-size: 0.95em;
    color: #555; /* Slightly lighter paragraph text */
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.challenge-footer {
    margin-top: 25px;
    padding-top: 20px;
    border-top: 1px solid #eee;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center; /* Center text in footer */
}

.challenge-footer p {
    margin-bottom: 15px; /* Space between paragraph and button */
}

.challenge-button {
    display: inline-block;
    background: #3498db; /* Theme color */
    color: white;
    padding: 12px 25px;
    border-radius: 30px; /* Pill shape */
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: bold;
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}

.challenge-button i {
    margin-right: 8px;
}

.challenge-button:hover {
    background: #2980b9; /* Darker shade on hover */
    transform: translateY(-2px); /* Slight lift on hover */
}

/* Responsive adjustments for challenge card */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .challenge-card > img {
        height: 250px; /* Adjust image height for smaller screens */
    }

    .challenge-card > h3 {
        font-size: 1.5em; /* Adjust title size */
        padding: 10px 15px;
    }

    .challenge-streams {
        flex-direction: column; /* Stack streams vertically */
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .challenge-content {
        padding: 15px 20px;
    }
}

/* Added for scrolling fade-in effect */
.fade-in-on-scroll {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(20px); /* Optional: for a slight upward movement */
    transition: opacity 0.6s ease-out, transform 0.6s ease-out;
}

.fade-in-on-scroll.is-visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Navbar styles */
.navbar {
    background: rgba(16, 21, 34, 0.94);
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.22);
    height: 80px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 999;
    width: 100%;
}

.navbar-container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    height: 80px;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 1500px;
    padding: 0 24px;
}

.navbar-logo {
    color: #fff; /* White logo text */
    justify-self: start;
    cursor: pointer;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 2rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif; /* Use Montserrat for logo */
    font-weight: 900; /* Black weight for logo */
}

.nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    list-style: none;
    text-align: center;
}

.nav-item {
    height: 80px;
}

.nav-links {
    color: #fff; /* White link text */
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    text-decoration: none;
    padding: 0 1rem;
    height: 100%;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.nav-links:hover {
    border-bottom: 4px solid #fff; /* Optional: highlight on hover */
    transition: all 0.2s ease-out;
}

.menu-icon {
    display: none; /* Hidden on desktop */
    background: transparent;
    border: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

/* Responsive styles */
@media screen and (max-width: 960px) {
    .navbar-container {
        padding: 0 20px; /* Adjust padding for smaller screens */
    }

    .nav-menu {
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        width: 100%;
        height: auto; /* Changed from 90vh to auto for dynamic height */
        position: absolute;
        top: 80px; /* Position below the navbar */
        left: 0;
        opacity: 0;
        visibility: hidden;
        pointer-events: none;
        transform: translateY(-12px);
        transition: opacity 0.25s ease, transform 0.25s ease, visibility 0.25s ease;
        background: rgba(28, 40, 55, 0.95); /* Semi-transparent background for dropdown */
        padding-top: 20px; /* Add some padding at the top */
        padding-bottom: 20px; /* Add some padding at the bottom */
    }

    .nav-menu.active {
        opacity: 1;
        visibility: visible;
        pointer-events: auto;
        transform: translateY(0);
        z-index: 1;
    }

    .nav-links {
        text-align: center;
        padding: 1.5rem; /* Increased padding for touch targets */
        width: 100%;
        display: table;
    }

    .nav-links:hover {
        background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2); /* Lighter background on hover */
        border-bottom: none; /* Remove bottom border on mobile */
        border-radius: 0; /* Ensure no border radius if previously set */
    }

    .navbar-logo {
        font-size: 1.8rem; /* Slightly smaller logo on mobile */
    }

    .menu-icon {
        display: block;
        position: relative;
        z-index: 1000;
        font-size: 1.8rem;
        cursor: pointer;
        color: #fff; /* White menu icon */
    }

    .fa-times {
        color: #fff; /* White close icon */
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
}